Pluriel

University platform for research on Islam

Initiated by
the Federation
of European
Catholic
Universities

Supported by
the International
Federation
of Catholic
Universities

Référence :

Razón y Fe, Vol. 279 No. 1437

Spanish

2019

The evolution of terrorism from Al Qaeda to ISIS: organization, methodology and profiles

Original title : “La evolución del terrorismo de Al Qaeda al ISIS: organización, metodología y perfiles”

Abstract

In the last 25 years international terrorism has evolved significantly. The emergence of al Qaeda was a real revolution since the methods, the goals and the organization were absolutely new. However, when we believed that we had defeated al Qaeda, the Islamic State was born, a much more lethal group that put Europe in its sights. Although it is true that both groups have similarities, they also present great differences, especially in terms of profiles.

KEYWORDS: Al Qaeda, Islamic State, terrorism, profiles.

Titre original : “La evolución del terrorismo de Al Qaeda al ISIS: organización, metodología y perfiles”

Résumé

Au cours des 25 dernières années, le terrorisme international a considérablement évolué. L’émergence d’Al-Qaïda a constitué une véritable révolution car les méthodes, les objectifs et l’organisation étaient tout à fait inédits. Cependant, quand nous pensions avoir vaincu Al-Qaïda, l’État islamique est né, un groupe beaucoup plus meurtrier qui a mis l’Europe dans son collimateur. S’il est vrai que les deux groupes présentent des similitudes, elles présentent aussi de grandes différences, notamment en ce qui concerne les profils.

في خلال السنوات الخمس والعشرين الماضية، شهد الإرهاب العالمي تطوّراً ملحوظاً. فقد شكّلَ ظهور القاعدة ثورةً فعليّةً لأنّ تنيظمها وأساليبها وأهدافها كانت غير مسبوقة ومبتكرةً. لكن، متى ظننا أنّنا هزمنا القاعدة، ولدَ تنظيم الدولة الإسلامية “داعش” ليشكّلَ جماعةً أكثر إجراماً وقتلاً استهدفت أوروبا ووضعتها في مرماها. حتى لو كانت الجماعتان تتشابهان فعلاً إلّا أنّهما تختلفان إلى حدّ بعيدٍ خصوصاً في ما يتعلّق بالصورة.

Resumen

En los últimos 25 años el terrorismo internacional ha evolucionado signifi-cativamente. La emergencia de Al Qaeda supuso una verdadera revolución ya que losmétodos, los fines y la organización eran absolutamente nuevos. Sin embargo, cuan-do creíamos que habíamos derrotado a Al Qaeda nació el Estado Islámico, un grupomucho más letal que ponía a Europa en su punto de mira. Si bien es cierto que ambosgrupos tienen semejanzas también presentan grandes diferencias sobre todo en lo quea los perfiles se refiere.

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