Référence :
Olga Torres Díaz, “Islamic Fundamentalism Framing Politics in Mali: From the Middle Ages to the Age of Pandemic”, in Nina Käsehage (ed.), Religious Fundamentalism in the Age of Pandemic, transcript Verlag, Bielefeld, 2021, pp. 149-178. DOI: 10.14361/9783839454855
Anglais
Islamic Fundamentalism Framing Politics in Mali: From the Middle Ages to the Age of Pandemic
Chapter by Olga Torres Díaz (University of Seville, IXBILIA group) in Religious Fundamentalism in the Age of Pandemic, edited by Nina Käsehage (transcript Verlag, Bielefeld, 2021, 278 p., ISBN 978-3-8376-5485-1, open access), pp. 149-178.
The study traces the centuries-long path of the mutualistic relationship between political power and Islam in Mali, crossed by two distinct fundamentalist tendencies: one textual and Arabised, historically linked to lettered and Arabised elites; the other oral and vernacular, associated with the less-favoured majority. Both claim a return to what is perceived as original and essential in their respective realms.
Moving away from an undifferentiated reading of “Islamic fundamentalism”, Olga Torres Díaz shows how “Frenchification” and later “Arabisation” shaped Malian society and fuelled the roots of its religious fundamentalism. She thereby sheds light on the emergence of contemporary movements, embodied by imams and preachers such as Mahmoud Dicko and Sheikh Madani Haïdara, at a time when the Wahhabi trend has begun again to compete with traditional Malian Islam in modulating the orientation of the government.
Paru sous le titre Islamic Fundamentalism Framing Politics in Mali: From the Middle Ages to the Age of Pandemic, ce chapitre d’Olga Torres Díaz (Université de Séville, groupe IXBILIA) figure dans Religious Fundamentalism in the Age of Pandemic, dirigé par Nina Käsehage (transcript Verlag, Bielefeld, 2021, 278 p., ISBN 978-3-8376-5485-1, en libre accès), pp. 149-178.
L’étude parcourt le long chemin de la relation mutualiste entre pouvoir politique et islam au Mali, traversé par deux tendances fondamentalistes distinctes : l’une, textuelle et arabisante, historiquement rattachée aux élites lettrées et arabisées ; l’autre, orale et vernaculaire, associée à la majorité populaire moins favorisée. Toutes deux revendiquent un retour à ce qui est perçu comme originel et essentiel dans leurs registres respectifs.
À rebours d’une lecture indifférenciée du « fondamentalisme islamique », Olga Torres Díaz montre comment « francisation » puis « arabisation » ont façonné la société malienne et alimenté les racines de son fondamentalisme religieux. Elle éclaire ainsi l’émergence des mouvements contemporains, incarnés par des imams et prédicateurs comme Mahmoud Dicko ou Cheikh Madani Haïdara, à l’heure où la mouvance wahhabite recommence à concurrencer l’islam malien traditionnel dans la modulation de l’orientation du gouvernement.
فصل من تأليف أولغا توريس دياز (جامعة إشبيلية، مجموعة IXBILIA) في كتاب الأصولية الدينية في زمن الجائحة الذي حرّرته نينا كِيزِهاغه (منشورات transcript، بيليفلد، 2021، 278 صفحة، ISBN 978-3-8376-5485-1، متاح بالوصول الحرّ)، الصفحات 149-178.
تقطع الدراسة الطريق الطويل للعلاقة التفاعلية بين السلطة السياسية والإسلام في مالي، بما تعبُره من اتّجاهَين أصوليَّين متمايزَين: الأوّل مكتوب ومُعرَّب، ارتبط تاريخياً بالنخب المتعلّمة والمُعرَّبة؛ والثاني شفهي ومحلّي الطابع، ارتبط بالغالبية الشعبية الأقلّ حظّاً. ويطلب كلاهما العودة إلى ما يُعتَبَر أصلياً وجوهرياً في أفقه الخاصّ.
وبعيداً عن قراءة موحّدة لـ«الأصولية الإسلامية»، تُبيّن أولغا توريس دياز كيف صاغت «الفرنسة» ثمّ «التعريب» المجتمعَ المالي وغذّت جذور أصوليّته الدينية. وتُضيء بذلك على انبثاق الحركات المعاصرة، ممثّلةً في أئمّة ودعاة كمحمود ديكو والشيخ مدني هيدارا، في وقت باتت فيه الموجة الوهّابية تُنافس الإسلامَ المالي التقليدي في تشكيل توجّه الحكومة.
تحميل النسخة الرقمية بالوصول الحرّ (منشورات transcript)
Olga Torres Díaz, “Islamic Fundamentalism Framing Politics in Mali: From the Middle Ages to the Age of Pandemic”, in Nina Käsehage (ed.), Religious Fundamentalism in the Age of Pandemic, transcript Verlag, Bielefeld, 2021, pp. 149-178. DOI: 10.14361/9783839454855.
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