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Thoughts on raḥma in Islamic religious tradition
Titre original : “Réflexions sur la raḥma dans la tradition religieuse islamique”
RÉSUMÉ : Cet essai traite de la « miséricorde » ou raḥma, non pas comme une caractéristique de la divinité, mais plutôt comme l’élément fondateur des relations que le bon musulman doit entretenir avec son prochain. En partant des récurrences de la racine r–ḥ–m dans le Coran, on observe que la miséricorde mutuelle désigne, d’un côté, les relations familiales (cfr. raḥīm), notamment entre les parents et les enfants, et entre les époux (respectivement Coran 17,24 et 30,21), et d’un autre côté elle s’applique aux croyants, musulmans et chrétiens, de la même manière (respectivement Coran 90,17 et 57,27), en se présentant ainsi comme un élément commun entre des fidèles de religions différentes. Cette recherche entend dégager les particularités de la raḥma dans le contexte de la prédication islamique, en s’appuyant sur la Tradition (principalement les Six Livres mais aussi, par exemple, une oeuvre de Ibn Ṭulūn al–Ṣāliḥī, m. 953/1546, consacrée uniquement à la raḥma) et sur certains commentaires sunnites importants, en particulier de l’époque classique.
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