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El islam en Europa occidental. Panorama socio-histórico y modelos de “integración”
Summary
This article starts unfolding a brief outline of the history of the relations between Islam and Europe from four geographical view points and four ages: Spain (VIII century), Central Europe (XIV c.), North Europe (XIII c.) and the actual Islamic immigration to western Europe. This last phase of relations is analyzed more deeply in its social and religious dimensions. After an analysis of the two identifiable models of “reception” of the Islamic population in western Europe: the communitarist and the assimilationist, the author ends up pointing the need to check such models in order to obtain an orderly and balanced reception, which realizes the articulation with the self-questioned European identity.
Titre original : “El islam en Europa occidental. Panorama socio-histórico y modelos de “integración””
Résumé
Cet article commence par un bref aperçu de l’histoire des relations entre l’Islam et l’Europe de quatre points de vue géographiques et quatre périodes : l’Espagne (VIIIe siècle), l’Europe centrale (XIVe siècle), l’Europe du Nord (XIIIe siècle) et l’immigration islamique actuelle en Europe occidentale. Cette dernière phase des relations est analysée plus profondément dans ses dimensions sociales et religieuses. Après une analyse des deux modèles identifiables de “réception” de la population islamique en Europe occidentale, à savoir le communautarisme et l’assimilationnisme, l’auteur finit par souligner la nécessité de revoir ces modèles afin d’obtenir une réception ordonnée et équilibrée, qui réalise l’articulation avec l’identité européenne auto-questionnée.
Sumario
Este artículo comienza desplegando un breve esbozo de la historia de las relaciones del Islam con Europa desde cuatro puntos geográficos y cuatro épocas: España (s. VIII), Centro Europa (s. XIV), Europa Norte (s. XIII) y la actual inmigración islámica a Europa Occidental. Esta última fase de relaciones es analizada más extensamente en sus dimensiones social y religiosa. Tras un análisis de los dos modelos identificables de “acogida” de la población islámica en Europa occidental, el comunitarista y el asimilacionista, el autor concluye indicando la necesidad de revisar dichos modelos en dirección a una acogida ordenada y equilibrada que tenga en cuenta su articulación con la autocuestionada ‘identidad’ de Europa.
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