Publisher : Cerf - Paris
French
Christian approaches to Islam: tensions, displacement, issues
More and more Christians are questioning the reality of Islam and the place of a religion that appeared after the advent of Christ, confessed as the ultimate manifestation of God to the world. But unlike the Muslim tradition which, in its reference texts, the Qur’an and the Sunna, has developed positions relating to Christians and their faith, the tradition of the Church has variously adressed the question of Islam.
With the help of eight specific entries: Islam as a whole; the Koran; the prophet of Islam; the Muslim faith; the rituals and practices prescribed and lived; anthropology associated with the Muslim tradition; the Muslim community; Islamochristian dialogue, Michel Younès’ book aims at a double operation.
The first presents a wide variety of harmonics of speech spoken in the name of the Christian faith: from John Damascene (c. 676-749) to Mushir Basil Aoun (n. 1966). The second envisions a Muslim expression just as complex and rich in time and space. Based on the most recent studies, the book reveals the variety of contemporary discourses, from an integral position illustrated by Mortada Mohahhari (1920-1979), until the liberated approach of traditional readings of the Qur’anic text by Muhammad Šahrur (1938-2019).
De plus en plus de chrétiens s’interrogent sur la réalité de l’islam et sur la place d’une religion apparue après l’avènement du Christ, confessé comme l’ultime manifestation de Dieu au monde. Mais à la différence de la tradition musulmane qui, dans ses textes de référence, le Coran et la sunna, a développé des positions relatives aux chrétiens et à leur foi, la tradition de l’Église a diversement intégré la question de l’islam. À l’aide de huit entrées spécifiques : l’islam pris dans sa globalité ; le Coran ; le prophète de l’islam ; la foi musulmane ; les rites et les pratiques prescrits et vécus ; l’anthropologie associée à la tradition musulmane ; la communauté des musulmans ; le dialogue islamochrétien, l’ouvrage de Michel Younès vise une double opération. La première présente une grande variété d’harmoniques de la parole prononcée au nom de la foi chrétienne : depuis Jean Damascène (v. 676-749) jusqu’à Mouchir Basile Aoun (n. 1966). La seconde envisage une expression musulmane tout aussi complexe et riche dans le temps et dans l’espace. En s’appuyant sur les études les plus récentes, l’ouvrage fait apparaître la variété des discours contemporains, depuis une position intégrale illustrée par Mortada Mohahhari (1920-1979), jusqu’à l’approche libérée des lectures traditionnelles du texte coranique portée par Muhammad Šahrur (1938-2019).
يتزايد تساؤل المسيحيّين حول حقيقة الإسلام ومكانة هذه الديانة التي ظهرت بعد المسيح، والتي تُعدّ آخر تجلٍّ للّه في العالم. وعلى عكس التراث الإسلامي، الذي وردت في نصوصه المرجعيّة، أي القرآن والسنّة، مواقف تتعلّق بالمسيحيّين وعقيدتهم، يدرج التراث المسيحي مسألة الإسلام في نصوصه بطرق مختلفة. ويعالج كتاب ميشال يونس هذه العملية المزدوجة في أبواب ثمانية هي: الإسلام بجوانبه كلّها؛ والقرآن؛ ونبي الإسلام؛ والعقيدة الإسلاميّة؛ والشعائر والممارسات المنصوص عليها والمُمارسة؛ والحوار الإسلامي المسيحي. ويعرض الباب الأوّل مجموعة واسعة النطاق من أوجه التوافق في الخطاب الصادر باسم العقيدة المسيحيّة: منذ جان داماسين (676-749) حتى مشير باسيل عون (1996). في حين أنّ الباب الثاني ينظر في تعبير الإسلام الذي لا يقل تعقيدًا وغنى على مر الزمن وفي المجال الديني. واستنادًا على الدراسات الحديثة، يظهر الكتاب مختلف الخطابات الحديثة، منذ الموقف الأساسي الذي يوضحه مرتضى مطهري (1920-1979)، حتى المنهج المتحرّر المتّبع في القراءات التقليدية للنص القرآني الذي يقوده محمد شَرور (1938-2019).
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