Référence :
in Switzerland. Politikon: The IAPSS Journal of Political Science, 42, 40–60. https://doi.org/10.22151/politikon.42.2
English
In Switzerland, specific issues related to Muslims have recently emerged in public debates. In addition to the question of radicalization, Muslim migrant populations are affected by social problems such as crime, marginalization, and overrepresentation in prisons. This situation has drawn the state’s attention to the need for implementing new responses to the challenges of religious extremism and social exclusion, particularly involving Muslims. While local authorities have organized trainings and projects to tackle these issues, Islamic grassroots associations have developed some initiatives to address the needs of the population, not only focusing on problems related to Islam and Muslims but also on Swiss society as a whole. Based on a case study of Islamic organizations providing social welfare services, this paper questions the inclusion of such faith-based projects within mainstream society and the area of social work, considering particularly the relation between Islamic organizations and the state.
Titre original : “Innovative social work practices by Islamic grassroots organizations in Switzerland”
Résumé
En Suisse, des questions spécifiques liées aux musulmans ont récemment fait leur apparition dans les débats publics. Outre la question de la radicalisation, les populations migrantes musulmanes sont touchées par des problèmes sociaux tels que la criminalité, la marginalisation et la surreprésentation dans les prisons. Cette situation a attiré l’attention de l’État sur la nécessité de mettre en œuvre de nouvelles réponses aux défis de l’extrémisme religieux et de l’exclusion sociale, en particulier concernant les musulmans. Alors que les autorités locales ont organisé des formations et des projets pour s’attaquer à ces problèmes, les associations islamiques locales ont développé des initiatives pour répondre aux besoins de la population, en se concentrant non seulement sur les problèmes liés à l’islam et aux musulmans, mais aussi sur la société suisse dans son ensemble. Sur la base d’une étude de cas d’organisations islamiques œuvrant dans l’aide sociale, ce document s’interroge sur l’inclusion de tels projets confessionnels dans la société en général et dans le domaine du travail social, en considérant en particulier la relation entre les organisations islamiques et l’État.
ظهرت مسائل عدّة تتعلّق بالمسلمين في الآونة الأخيرة في النقاشات العامّة في سويسرا. وتتأثّر الجماعات المسلمة المهاجرة، بالإضافة إلى تأثّرها بالتطرّف، بمشاكل اجتماعيّة كالجريمة، والتهميش، والتمثيل المفرط في السجون. وقد لفت هذا الوضع انتباه الدولة إلى ضرورة القيام باستجابات جديدة إزاء تحدّيات التطرّف الديني والإقصاء الاجتماعي، لا سيّما ذلك الذي يشمل المسلمين. وفي حين نظّمت السلطات المحليّة دورات تدريبيّة ومشاريع لمعالجة هذه المسائل، أنشأت منظّمات القاعدة الشعبيّة الإسلاميّة بعض المبادرات من أجل تلبية احتياجات الشعب، بالإضافة إلى التركيز على المشاكل المتعلّقة بالإسلام والمسلمين والتركيز على المجتمع السويسري ككل. واستنادًا إلى دراسة حالة أُجريت على منظّمات إسلاميّة تقدّم خدمات رفاه اجتماعيّة، تتطرّق هذه الورقة إلى مسألة إدماج مشاريع قائمة على الإيمان كهذه في المجتمع العام ومجال العمل الاجتماعي، آخذة في الاعتبار بشكل خاص العلاقة بين المنظّمات الإسلاميّة والدولة.
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